School reforms, culture wars, and national consolidation: Uruguay and Belgium, 1860s-1915

Autores/as

  • Jens R. Hentschke Newcastle University (UK)

Palabras clave:

Uruguay, Belgium, late nineteenth century, early twentieth century, culture wars, school reform, nation-building, positivism, Krausism

Resumen

Uruguay is a prime example of how a peripheral country creatively digested foreign experiences and became not only Latin America’s first welfare state democracy, but also a pioneer of free, compulsory, and lay education, the work of two political generations, positivist varelistas and Krausist batllistas. This article, based on new archival sources, contemporary newspapers, official publications, and monographs by protagonists argues that one of their consistent reference points, largely ignored in historiography, was Belgium, a country founded almost at the same time as Uruguay and admired for its liberal constitutionalism. Uruguayan reformers’ fascination with Belgium, but also their risk awareness, increased when, from the 1860s, both countries implemented conflictual secularizing school reforms that aimed at belated cultural nation-building.

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Publicado

2023-07-31 — Actualizado el 2023-07-31

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Cómo citar

Hentschke, J. R. (2023). School reforms, culture wars, and national consolidation: Uruguay and Belgium, 1860s-1915. Historia, 1(56), 255–290. Recuperado a partir de https://revistahistoria.uc.cl/index.php/rhis/article/view/48431

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